Carl georo hunters



C. G. MUNTERS Nov. 22, 1932. REFRIGERATION Re. 18,665

Filed Dec. 8, 1926 INVEN OR 626! 1:7 J/ %%EY I mm H .H NV:

acumen. 22, 19 2' PATEN r ,.-oFF1c1-:

our. enono rum-mas,- or srocmom, swnnmw, ASSIGNOB TO Emmi. smwm. oonroiwrron, or new Your, N. Y, a CORPORATION or DELAWARE Orlglnal in. 1,111304, dated My'invention relates to refrigeration and more specifically to refrigeration of the absorption ty wherein a refrigerant is alternately expe led from solution in a liquidand reabsorbed by ,the liquid. The purpose of my invention is to provide a simple refrigerating apparatus particularly adapted to use in or with domestic refrigerating cabinets. My invention aims to provide a simplified means of transferring heat from a space to be cooled and further alms to provide a simplified air cooled apparatus. a

With the aboveand other objects in view my invention consists in the apparatus and processes hereinafter more fully described and illustrated by means of, and with reference to, the accompanying drawing showing some modifications of the invention.

On the accompanying drawing;

I Fig. 1 shows a refrigerating apparatus or system in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a'section taken on a line 22 of Fig. 1; and

I Fig. 3 shows a modification ofa the apparatus of Fig. 1.'

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, reference character designates an insulated casing fora space 11 which is to be refrigerated. This insulated casing may be termed a cabinet. Adjacent to the cabinet and extending thereinto is the refrigerating apparatus which consists principally of a combined generator, and absorber .12 and a distributor 13 which is a combined condenser and evaporator.) Generator 12 contains refrigerant fluid irigsolution, which may be, for example, ammonia dissolved in water. The. generator consists of an outer shell 14 (Fig.- 2) which is made, with convolutions to provide large surface, an inner flue 15, a top 16 and a bottom 17. *Surrounding the generator is a, casing 18 containing insulation 19 arranged to project into the convolutions of shell 14. While I am describing'a particular form of generator it is to be understood that any type of structure may be used as a generator provided it has the requisite tightness and extent of surface. Beneath the generator is a gas burner 20.

portion of an 7, 1m, semi Io. 153,202,

filed September 22, 1930. Serial 10.488382.

the form illustrated, a single piece of tube -BEE BIGEBATION filed December 8, 1828. Application for rellne While other means for heating ma be used, I prefer' gas due to its low cost. as is supplied to gasburner 20 by way of conduit 21 in which is interposed a control valve 22. Valve 22 comprises a movable disc 23 which is connected by means of a stem 24 to a diaphragm 25. Diaphragm 25 forms one side of a diaphragm chamber 26. Diaphragm chamber 26 is connected by tube 27 to a thermostatic bulb 28 within the liquid space of generator 12. Bulb 28, tube 27 and diaphragm chamber 26 contain a. .volatilefluid which expands 011 rise of temperature. This expansible fluid on increase of temperature, creates a pressure against the upper side of diaphragm 25, the reaction of which is taken up by spring 30 surrounding stem 24. The valve and its cooperating parts are arranged so that the gas supply is diminished upon rise of temperature. It is to be understood that 7 any type of valve may be used which operates to perform the desired function as hereinafter pointed out.

The upper part of generator- 12 is connected to the upper part of distributor 13 by means of conduit 32. Surrounding conduit 32 there are cooling flanges or other rectify ing means 33. The distributor 13 is a well insulated pressure receptacle, its insulation being indicated by reference character 34. 30 In the upper portion of distributor 13 is a boiling member 35 which is connected to a condensing member 36 outside distributor 13 and in contact with atmospheric air." 'In is used, which passes through insulation 34 and which is bent inside distributor 13 and outside distributor 13 to'give extended surface for both the boiling member and the condensing member. Member 35-36 might be considered as an outgoing heat-exchanger. This heat-exchanger contains a liquid which is volatile at the temperatures of operation. Many liquids may be USBdylIl each case the pressure being suited to desired operation. The arrangement must be such that the liquid condenses at atmospheric temperatures. Pressure within the outgoing heat-exchan r should therefore be such that the boiling point of this liquid is above atmospheric m pressure. Any of various volatile substances such as ammonia, methyl chloride or sul-- phur dioxide may'be used for this purpose.

In the lower portion of the distributor 13 is a condensing member 40 which is connected to a boilingmember 41 within cabinet 11. Likewise in this case a single piece of pipe isused which is extended within the distributor and within space 11. Member 4041 may be termed an incoming heat-exchanger. The incoming heat-exchanger is likewise filled with a volatile fluid such as ammonia, methyl chloride or sulphur dioxide. Like the outgoing heat-exchanger the incoming heat exchanger is hermetically sealed and the pressure vwithin the same fixed to give boiling at the desiredtemperature:

The operation is as follows:

Burner 20 is lighted and heat is applied to generator 12, whereupon ammonia vapor is driven from solution and passes through conduit 32 into distributor 13. The ammonia vapor thus expelled is of high temperature relative to the liquid temperature within the outgoing heat-exchanger 35-36. This heat causes vaporization or boiling of the rangement such that there is vacuum within the heat exchangers. Thus the outgoing heat-exchanger carries heatout from distributor 13 and gives it up to the atmosphere.

This results in condensation of ammonia and the assemblage of liquid ammonia in distributor 13. In this operation,-

heat is not'transmitted downward into exchanger 4041 because the heat transmitting portion of the heat exchanger 4041 is filled with vapor and vapor is a very poor transmitterof heat. During this process of boiling 011, there is no appreciable effect proa duced upon the contents of space 11.

Theboili'ngofi in the generator'contin-ues' until a given degree of expulsion has taken place, that is, until the temperature in the generator has risen to a given degree. Where ammonia' is used, this temperature maybe e. g-.-130 C. or about 265 F. When this temperature has been reached, the liquid in bulb 28 has expanded to such an extent that valve 22 is closed as aresult'of which the the contents of the generator. The result of this cooling is an absorption back into solution of the, liquid within the generator.

This liquid drawsammonia through conof heat being "shut ofi from duit 32 which results in the ebullition of the liquid ammonia within distributor 13. The transfer of ammonia from liquid to gaseous form within distributor 13, takes up heat and lowers the temperature; .Conse uently the pressure is lowered within mem er 40 and, due tothis lowering of pressure, ebullition takes place within member 41.v The, liquid in member 41 then boils and passes into member 40 wherein it is condensed b the lower temperature resulting from the absorption of heat by the ammonia in passing from liquid to vapor form. Member 40 thus acts as a condenser. The boiling within member 41 causes absorption of heat and this heat is taken from space 11 as a' result of which space 11 is refrigerated. In this process, due to the low temperature, the air cooling of member 36 has no eflect.

This reversed operation wherein fluid continues until the temperature ingenerator' 12 has lowered to the oint where valve 22 again opens. The gas t en again ignites and the process begins again. In order that the burner may be automatically lighted a pilot flame may be used, or other means employed as will be evident to the person skilled in the I art.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, water" cooling is used instead of air cooling on the return operation. A water supply conduit 45 is connected to a spray member 46 situated above generator 12. A valve 47 controls flow of cooling water through conduit 45.

Valve 47 is automatically controlled by thermostatic bulb 28.] When thermostatic bulb 28 operates to close valve 22 and shut ofi gas to the burner, it then operates to open valve- 47 admitting water to spray 46 and causing water to flow over thergenerator. When the temperaturehas decreased to a predeter- -mined point/the water valve is shut ofi and.

the burner again lighted. Instead of a spray, .a cooling c'oil may-pass through the 4 generator. A tray 48 collects the cooling water andconduit 49 leads it'to waste.

While I have described my invention as applied to some embodiments it will readily be seen that-it is not limited to any particular "structural embodiment.

" Having'thus described my invention,

what I claim is:

1. .The process of refrigerating which com; I

prises expelling a refrigerant from solution, conducting expelled refrigerant to an in.

sulated enclosure, transferringheat from the *vapor thus' formed to a heat-exchanging liquid and causing jsaid heat-exchanging liquid to boil, transferring heat from the vapor of said heat-exchanging liquid to the atmosphere by fluid movement through'the insulation of the enclosure, condensing the expelled refrigerant due to the transfer of heat to the atmosphere, accumulating the condensed refrigerant in the insulated enclosure, cooling the solution and reabsorbing liquid due to the reabsorption and causin it to boil whereby the second heat-exchanging fluid is moved through the insulation of the enclosure and the space surrounding said second heat-exchanging liquid is refrigerated. 2. Refrigerating apparatus comprising, In

combination, a generator, an insulated dis-- tributor, a communication between the generator and the distributor, a hermetically closed heat exchange member having a lower portion situated within said distributor and an upper portion surrounded b the atmosphere extending through the insulation around the distributor, a second heat exchange member also hermetically closed having an upper portion situated within said distributor and a lower portion outside the distributor and extending through the insulation around the distributor and walls forming a space to be refrigerated surrounding the last mentioned lower portion.

. 3. Refrigerating appa-raus comprising in combination, a generator, an insulated distributor connected theretoand two boilers extending through the insulation around the distributor, one having its vapor space in the distributor, and the other having its liquid space in the distributor.

4. Refrigerating apparatus comprising, in combination, a generator, means to alternately heat and cool said generator, an insulated distributor arranged to alternately 'nnttent absorption type comprising in comreceive vapor from and give up vapor to the generator, a boiler having its liquid space in the distributor and its'vapor space in the atmosphere and a second boiler having its vapor space in the distributor and its liquid space within a place to be refrigerated.

5. Refrigerating apparatus comprising, in combination, a generator, a distributor vessel, heat insulating material completely surrounding "said distributor vessel, a hermetically sealed, vertically extending single pipepartly filled'with liquid having its lower end situated within the distributor vessel, extending through the heat insulating material and having its upper end infthe atmosphere, a" second vertically extending single pipe also. hermetically sealed and partly filled with li uid having an upper portion situated within the distributor vessel, .ex tending through the'heat insulating material and having a lower portion outside the distributor'vessel and walls forming a space to be refrigerated surrounding the last mentioned lower port on.

6. Apparatus of the type set out in claim 5 wherein the level of liquid in :the second mentioned vertically extending pipe is out side the distributor vessel;

7. Refrigerating apparatus comprising 'a through the insulation,

rounding said distributor vessel, a communication between the generator and the distributor vessel, a hermetically sealed heat exchange member pa-rtly' filled with liquid hav-' ing a lower portion within said distributor vessel and an upper portion surrounded by atmosphere and a second heat exchan e member also hermetically sealed and fille partly with liquid having an upper portion in said distributor vessel and a lower portionwithin said cabinet. v

8. Refrigerating apparatuscomprising, in combination, a generator,a distributor vessel, heat insulating material surrounding said distributor vessel, a hermetically sealed vertically extending pipe having its lower portion situated within the distributor vessel, extending through the heat insulating material, having its upper portion in the atmosphere and partly filled with liquid so that vapor is in the portion of the pipe passing a second vertically extending pipe also hermetically sealed, having an upper portion situated within the distributor vessel, extending through theheat insulating material, having a lower: portion outside thedistributor vessel and partly filled with liquid so that there is vapor in the portlon of the pipe extending, through the insulation and walls forming a space to be refrigerated surrounding the last mentioned lower portion.

9. A refrigerating apparatus of the interdistributor and said remote porto vaporize and 10. Refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent absorption type comprising in combination a generator-absorber,an insulated distributor, and a'closed vessel having a portion located within the distributor and a portion disposed without the distributor and contain:

ing a volatile fluid adapted to vaporize and condense to effect a heat exchange in only one direction between the exterior and interior of the insulated distributor.

11. Refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent absorption type comprising, in combination, a generator-absorber, an insulated distributor, a communication between the generator and the distributor, and a hermetically closed vessel containing a volatile'fluid' and-having a lower portion situated within said distributor and an upper portion surrounded by the atmosphere extending through the insulation around the distributor.

12. Refrigerating apparatus comprising, in combination, a generator, means to alternate- 5 1y heat and cool said generator, an insulated distributor arranged to alternately receive vapor from and give up vapor to the generator, and a boiler having its liquid space in the distributor and its vapor space in the atmosphere.

13. A refrigerator comprising a heat insulated cabinet, an absorption refrigerating unit of the intermittent type including a generator-absorber and a heat insulated condenser-evaporator, and a closed boiler having its vapor space in heat exchange regulation with the condenser-evaporator and its liquid space within said cabinet.

14. A refrigerator including a chamber to be cooled, an air-cooledabsotptionrefrigeMting apparatus of the intermittent type having a heat insulated evaporator, and an hermeti cally sealed vessel containing a volatile fluid and having its upper portion in thermal exchange relation with said evaporator and its lower portion in thermal exchange relation with said chamber.

CARL GEORG MUNTERS. 

